Commercial solar energy is comprised of several components needed to convert the sun’s energy into usable electricity. One key component is the inverter. If you’re considering solar power for your commercial energy needs, you should know how they work, the differences between micro inverters vs central inverters and how to choose the right one for your specific needs. KMB Design Group is at the forefront of the solar industry and are shining the light on this topic below:
Key Component of Your Commercial Solar Photovoltaic System
To understand the process, here’s a quick refresher on how solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. Photons from the sun hit the electrons in your solar panels. This interaction creates a direct current (DC). Your business’ electricity needs use alternating current (AC). So, an inverter is needed to ensure the DC electricity generated by your solar photovoltaic (PV) system to turn it into usable AC. The inverters are what changes DC electricity produced by modules into AC so it can be used for electricity. They also enable electrical currents to be switched off in the case of a blackout or if repairs are necessary.
Differences between Micro Inverters and Central Inverters
Two different types of solar inverters are available: the central inverter (string inverter) and the micro-inverter and each one has its own advantages.
Regardless of type, all modern inverters use a technology called maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to optimize the amount of energy harvested from the solar modules.
Central Inverters
Also called string inverters, central inverters receive all of the energy generated by multiple modules and convert it to alternating current in one centralized location. Central inverters are typically located at the ground level, near the main electrical service panel with wires connecting to the modules. Central inverters optimize energy conversion for the entire PV system.
The main benefit of a string inverter setup is that it’s the most cost-effective way to convert DC energy to AC energy but because multiple modules are controlled by one MPPT controller in the central inverter, the lowest producing panel in the string is equal to the amount of energy every panel will supply. That means that if one of the panels if shaded, all the other panels will produce as if they are shaded, too which can bring down the performance of the whole system.
The Game Changer: Micro-Inverters
The introduction of micro-inverters is one of the biggest technology shifts in the PV industry; these smaller connections have its own MMP controller and converts DC into AC electricity at the point of the module itself.
With micro-inverters, you are able to install modules at multiple orientations (each individual solar panel) without experiencing dramatic losses in efficiency. They offer improved levels of power efficiency and help optimize commercial solar photovoltaic systems to produce more usable power than an array that’s connected to string (central) inverters.
Micro Inverters vs Central Inverters- Which is Right for Business?
As a result of these different solar inverter options, the natural question then becomes “Which inverter is right for my system?” While it’s not a “one-sized fits all” answer, micro-inverters are said to be more reliable than central inverters in the sense that they affect the array of solar panels less. For example, if one micro-inverter breaks, it only puts that one panel out of commission, but if a string inverter breaks, it can stop five (or more) panels from operating. But that’s not the only consideration. Micro inverters typically require more maintenance and can be more expensive.
All in all, it depends on what type of system you need. Central inverters and micro inverters both have their strengths and there is not an absolute “winning choice.” Solar inverters are rated to handle different power loads, which means you need to choose one to match your specific solar array. When choosing the right inverter for your location, it’s important to consult with a professional solar engineer.
Solar Engineering Consulting Firm
KMB is a leading facility engineering firm providing photovoltaic design & energy engineering services. Our philosophy is first to understand, then provide appropriate solutions and designs, not born out of our personal preferences, but incorporating experience from previous successful projects, that align with our clients desires. Contact us today to find out how to put energy into your projects today!